Asuhan Keperawatan Pada An. MA Dengan Pneumonia diRuang Arafah 1 Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh

Abstract

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory tract infection that
remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among
children under five years old, particularly in developing
countries such as Indonesia. This condition often poses
significant challenges in pediatric healthcare services, as it
can progress to more severe complications if not managed
properly. This case study aims to analyze the comprehensive
nursing care provided to MA, a 3-month-old male infant
diagnosed with pneumonia and tracheomalacia at Dr. Zainoel
Abidin Regional General Hospital, Banda Aceh. The nursing
process approach encompassed assessment, diagnosis,
planning, implementation, and evaluation. The assessment
revealed data including tachypnea, chest wall retraction,
rhonchi, malnutrition, hyperthermia, and incomplete
immunization. The main nursing problems identified were
ineffective breathing pattern, ineffective airway clearance,
nutritional deficit, and hyperthermia. Nursing interventions
were carried out over five days, including respiratory
management, suctioning, enteral nutrition via nasogastric
tube (NGT), monitoring of vital signs, warm compresses, and
administration of antipyretics and pharmacological therapy.
The outcomes showed improvements in breathing pattern and
nutritional status, resolution of hyperthermia, although
airway clearance remained suboptimal. This study emphasizes
the importance of a holistic and continuous nursing approach
as an effort to improve the quality of care through evidencebased nursing in the management of pediatric pneumonia.