“Sistem Terbuka Dan Sistem Tertutup: Pengertian Serta Karakteristiknya”. Musytari : Jurnal Manajemen, Akuntansi, dan Ekonomi 25, no. 1 (December 14, 2025): 2571–2580. Accessed October 3, 2026. https://cibjournal.com/index.php/musytari/article/view/3751.