HAK MILIK VS HAK GUNA: ANALISIS OBJEK PENERTIBAN TANAH TERLANTAR BERDASARKAN PP 20/2021

• Adevio Ervan Effendi

  Universitas Bengkulu

  Author

• Stefany Dheta Putri

  Universitas Bengkulu

  Author

• Hafidza Zia

  Universitas Bengkulu

  Author

This study examines the legal distinction between ownership rights (hak milik) and use rights (hak guna) as objects of abandoned land enforcement under Government Regulation No. 20 of 2021 on the Management of Abandoned Areas and Abandoned Land. Employing a normative juridical approach, the research analyzes land law regulations and agrarian legal doctrines that differentiate the legal characteristics, authority, and obligations associated with ownership rights, cultivation rights (HGU), building rights (HGB), and use rights (hak pakai) within the context of potential designation as abandoned land. The findings reveal that although PP 20/2021 expands the scope of abandoned land enforcement to all types of land rights, a substantive distinction lies in the degree of state supervision and the nature of the legal relationship between the right holder and the land; use rights, as conditional and limited rights, are more vulnerable to enforcement when utilization obligations are not fulfilled, whereas ownership rights can only be designated as abandoned upon clear evidence of non-use that satisfies the elements of unutilized, unworked, and unused in accordance with the nature and purpose of the right. These findings affirm that PP 20/2021 positions the social function of land as a fundamental principle, ensuring that the enforcement of abandoned land aims not only to optimize land utilization but also to strengthen the role of the state in preventing speculation and supporting agrarian reform and national development.

Boedi Harsono, Hukum Agraria Indonesia: Sejarah Pembentukan Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria, Isi, dan Pelaksanaannya (Jakarta: Djambatan, 2018).

Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata.

Maria S.W. Sumardjono, Kebijakan Pertanahan antara Regulasi dan Implementasi (Jakarta: Kompas, 2001).

Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 20 Tahun 2021 tentang Penertiban Kawasan dan Tanah Terlantar.

Peter Mahmud Marzuki, Penelitian Hukum (Jakarta: Kencana, 2016).

Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945.

Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan.

Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Peraturan Dasar Pokok-Pokok Agraria.

Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1986 tentang Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara.

• pdf