UNCITRAL REGIONAL CENTRE FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC (RCAP): ANALISIS PEMBENTUKAN MODEL LAW SEBAGAI SOFT LAW DALAM MENGATASI TANTANGAN ARBITRASE KOMERSIAL INTERNASIONAL

• Kirana Ayu Fatmi Gandasari

  Universitas Padjadjaran

  Author

International trade encourages parties to formulate dispute resolution clauses in commercial contracts. Dispute resolution is generally sought through amicable consultation within a certain period of time. However, if the consultation mechanism does not result in an agreement, the clause provides for other alternatives, one of which is commercial arbitration. Commercial arbitration often faces increasingly complex challenges, particularly those related to challenges to arbitrators. Using a normative legal method, this study assesses the role of UNCITRAL RCAP in the formation of soft law and the contribution of the UNCITRAL Model Law to the mechanism for challenging arbitrators in international commercial arbitration. The results of this study show that UNCITRAL RCAP has made a significant contribution to strengthening the formation and dissemination of soft law. Although representation and participation in the formulation process are still limited, the existence of the UNCITRAL Model Law and the role of UNCITRAL RCAP serve as key instruments for maintaining the integrity, transparency, and legitimacy of the arbitration process at the global level.

Perdagangan internasional mendorong para pihak untuk merumuskan klausul penyelesaian sengketa dalam kontrak komersial. Penyelesaian sengketa ini pada umumnya diupayakan melalui musyawarah damai dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Namun apabila mekanisme musyawarah tidak menghasilkan kesepakatan, maka klausula tersebut mengatur alternatif lain, salah satunya melalui arbitrase komersial. Arbitrase komersial ini seringkali menghadapi tantangan yang semakin kompleks, khususnya terkait dengan keberatan terhadap arbiter. Dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, penelitian ini menilai peran UNCITRAL RCAP dalam pembentukan soft law dan kontribusi UNCITRAL Model Law terhadap mekanisme tantangan arbiter dalam arbitrase komersial internasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa UNCITRAL RCAP memiliki kontribusi signifikan dalam memperkuat pembentukan serta penyebarluasan soft law. Meskipun keterwakilan dan partisipasi dalam proses perumusan masih terbatas, keberadaan UNCITRAL Model Law dan peran UNCITRAL RCAP berfungsi sebagai instrumen kunci untuk menjaga integritas, transparansi, dan legitimasi proses arbitrase di tingkat global.

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