DINAMIKA DELEGASI KEWENANGAN PEMBENTUKAN HUKUM ACARA MELALUI PERATURAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI

• Silvi Fatika Sari

  Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya

  Author

Indonesia's constitutional structure faces a fundamental dilemma centered on the absence of specific laws that comprehensively regulate the Constitutional Court's (MK) procedural law. Although Article 86 of the Constitutional Court Law delegates authority to the Court to regulate its procedural rules, this mandate has not been followed by the enactment of a detailed and explicit law. As a result, procedural law has largely been developed through delegated Constitutional Court Regulations (PMK), a practice that has given rise to serious conceptual conflicts. A comparison with systems in countries such as Germany and Austria highlights this problem, where external court rules are regulated by the legislature, not the judiciary. In the Indonesian context, the Constitutional Court, as a judicial institution, de facto performs the normative function of rule-making, which should be the domain of the legislature. This expansion of authority raises concerns that it violates the principle of separation of powers, erodes legal certainty, and weakens the mechanism of checks and balances.

Therefore, this study was conducted to comprehensively examine the delegation of authority in Constitutional Court Regulations. On the one hand, delegated authority does give the Constitutional Court flexibility in conducting proceedings, but on the other hand, the exercise of this authority has the potential to shift the position of the Constitutional Court. This shift is from a negative legislator, whose task is only to invalidate norms that conflict with the 1945 Constitution, to a positive legislator, namely an institution that actively participates in creating new norms. This study aims to identify the gaps in authority arising from the formulation of regulations by judicial institutions and to assess their impact on constitutional principles. Regulations at the level of law are considered essential to limit the functions of the Constitutional Court to remain within its boundaries, as well as to serve as a vital tool for maintaining the balance of power between state institutions and ensuring judicial accountability.

This study uses a normative legal approach with the collection of legal materials through inventory, grouping, and literature study. The analysis of legal materials was carried out using a prescriptive normative analysis method. Through this normative juridical approach, this study examines legislation, legal principles, expert opinions, and court decisions relevant to the issue under study.  The results of the study show that the delegation of authority held by the Constitutional Court still leaves room for the creation of new norms and that the application of the principle of separation of powers and the mechanism of checks and balances between state institutions is not yet optimal. Thus, the researcher argues that currently, there is a need for procedural law regulations for the Constitutional Court in the form of a separate law to ensure legal certainty and clarify the limits of constitutional judicial authority.

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