PUTUSAN LEPAS SEBAGAI TITIK TEMU ANTARA ASAS IUS CURIA NOVIT DAN ASAS LEGALITAS DALAM HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA

• Novy Ardhiyanto

  Universitas Pamulang

  Author

The principle of ius curia novit obliges judges to examine and decide every case brought before the court, while the principle of legality in criminal law limits judicial authority to impose punishment only for acts regulated by law. In criminal court practice, cases often arise where the defendant is factually proven to have committed an act considered wrongful according to social or moral norms, yet such act is not regulated as a criminal offense. This situation raises questions regarding the relationship between the judge’s obligation to find the law and the principle of legality. This research aims to analyze the relationship between the principle of ius curia novit, the principle of legality, and the decision of acquittal from all legal charges (ontslag van alle rechtsvervolging) within the Indonesian criminal justice system. This study is a normative legal research using document study, qualitative juridical analysis, and deductive reasoning. The results show that the principles of ius curia novit and legality are not contradictory but complementary. The decision of acquittal functions as a normative solution that balances the judge’s duty to decide cases with the limitation of punitive authority in criminal law. Therefore, such decision reflects the consistency of the Indonesian criminal law system in upholding legal certainty and the protection of human rights.

Buku

Asshiddiqie, Jimly, Pengantar Ilmu Hukum Tata Negara. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2016.

Atmasasmita, Romli, Teori Hukum Integratif: Rekonstruksi terhadap Teori Hukum Pembangunan dan Teori Hukum Progresif. Yogyakarta: Genta Publishing, 2012.

Hamzah, Andi, Asas-Asas Hukum Pidana, Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2014.

Marzuki, Peter Mahmud, Penelitian Hukum, Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group, 2017.

Mertokusumo, Sudikno, Penemuan Hukum: Sebuah Pengantar, Yogyakarta: Liberty, 2014.

Muladi dan Barda Nawawi Arief, Teori-Teori dan Kebijakan Pidana. Bandung: Alumni, 2010.

Jurnal Ilmiah/ Karya Ilmiah

Suryani, Yusi & Erniwati, Tinjauan Yuridis Normatif Eksistensi Asas Legalitas Dalam Hukum Pidana Indonesia, Jurnal Justici, Universita IBA, Fakultas Hukum , Volume 15 Nomor 1, 2022, DOI: https://doi.org/10.35449/justici.v15i1.469

Analiusman Laia, Akibat Hukum Terhadap Putusan Lepas Dari Segala Tuntutan Hukum Pada Tindak Pidana Korupsi (Studi Putusan Nomor 1169 K/Pid.Sus/2019), Jurnal Panah Hukum, Universitas Nias Raya, Fakultas Hukum, Vol. 3 No. 2 Edisi Juli 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.57094/jph.v3i2.1340

Peraturan Perundang-Undangan

Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945.

Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) alias WvS (Wetboek van Strafrecht) atau Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1946 tentang Peraturan Hukum Pidana yang diperkuat dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 73 Tahun 1958 tentang Menyatakan Berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1946 untuk Seluruh Wilayah Republik Indonesia

Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP) atau Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 tentang Hukum Acara Pidana.

Undang-Undang Nomor 48 Tahun 2009 tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman.

Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia.

Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan.

• pdf