Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026)
Medic Nutricia : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, ISSN : 3025-8855

Articles

TINJAUAN LITERATUR: FITOTERAPI BERBASIS TANAMAN OBAT SEBAGAI AGEN ANTIBAKTERI DAN ANTIJAMUR DALAM PENGOBATAN PENYAKIT INFEKSI

Published 2026-01-19

  • Nawwar Irfan
    • ,
  • Nur Arafah
    • ,
  • Wilda Syalsabillah
    • ,
  • Indah Zuliandary
    • ,
  • Taradisa Candra
    • ,
  • Lia Wildah Hasanah

Nawwar Irfan
Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas MIPA-Kes, Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau

Nur Arafah
Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas MIPA-Kes, Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau

Wilda Syalsabillah
Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas MIPA-Kes, Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau

Indah Zuliandary
Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas MIPA-Kes, Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau

Taradisa Candra
Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas MIPA-Kes, Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau

Lia Wildah Hasanah
Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas MIPA-Kes, Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau

Abstract

Infectious diseases remain a major health challenge due to the increasing resistance of microorganisms to conventional antibiotics. Phytotherapy based on medicinal plants has gained attention as a natural therapeutic alternative. This review aims to examine the potential of phytotherapy as an antibacterial and antifungal agent in the treatment of infectious diseases based on mechanisms of action and therapeutic indications. A literature review was conducted using scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025 obtained from PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Eligible articles were analyzed qualitatively using a narrative synthesis approach. The findings indicate that medicinal plants contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and phenolics with notable antibacterial and antifungal activities, reflected by competitive minimum inhibitory concentration values. The mechanisms of action include disruption of microbial cell membranes, inhibition of metabolic enzymes, and suppression of biofilm formation. Phytotherapy shows potential as an alternative or adjunct therapy for infectious diseases, although further clinical studies and standardization are still required.

Keywords

phytotherapy, medicinal plants, antibacterial, antifungal, infectious diseases

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