EFEKTIVITAS TERAPI RELAKSASI NAPAS DALAM TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI: LITERATUR REVIEW

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a significant health problem, often referred to as The Silent Killer, because it often shows no symptoms until serious complications arise. In Indonesia, the prevalence of cases remains high and many individuals are unaware of the condition. Hypertension can be managed through a therapeutic approach that includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. Deep breathing relaxation is one of the effective non-pharmacological therapies, which functions to reduce sympathetic nerve activity and relax blood vessels. Objective: Through a literature review, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of deep breathing relaxation therapy in lowering blood pressure in individuals with hypertension. Methods: This study used the PRISMA method to review the literature. Using related keywords, a search for data sources was conducted through Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, with a publication period from 2021 to 2025. A total of 15 articles that met the inclusion requirements were evaluated descriptively. Results: Deep breathing relaxation techniques effectively reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients, according to the analysis conducted from 15 articles. Several research designs demonstrated significant reductions in blood pressure, both in the intervention and control groups and in the pre-posttest groups within a single group. Each intervention session lasted fifteen to twenty minutes, was conducted one to three times daily, and lasted for two weeks to three months. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that deep breathing relaxation significantly lowers blood pressure. It is also a practical and safe non-pharmacological method that can be used regularly by those with hypertension.