INVESTIGATING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN AUTONOMOUS LEARNING STYLE (ALS) AND DIGITAL TOOL RELIANCE (DTR) TOWARDS TRANSLATION WRITING PERFORMANCE (TWP) AMONG ENGLISH LEARNERS IN KAMPUNG INGGRIS SURAKARTA
- Authors
-
-
Aisyah Vikha Aryadi
UIN Raden Mas Said SurakartaAuthor -
Sujito Sujito
UIN Raden Mas Said SurakartaAuthor
-
- Keywords:
- learner autonomy, translator applications, digital tool reliance, translation writing, EFL, Kampung Inggris
- Abstract
-
This quantitative correlational study investigated the relationship between autonomous learning style (ALS) and reliance on digital tools (DTR), specifically focusing on the use of translator applications, and how these factors are linked to translation writing performance (TWP) among English learners attending Regular Classes at Kampung Inggris Surakarta. A total of ten participants filled out two Likert-scale questionnaires (ALS and DTR) and completed a controlled translation writing task, which was assessed using a standardized rubric. Descriptive statistics showed a moderate to high level of autonomy (M = 37.10, SD = 6.46), a moderate level of tool reliance (M = 31.20, SD = 7.91), and a fair to good translation performance (M = 77.60, SD = 8.18). Pearson correlation analyses uncovered very strong connections: ALS-TWP (r = .9633, p < .001), DTR-TWP (r = −.9546, p < .001), and ALS-DTR (r = −.9662, p < .001). The findings imply that greater learner autonomy leads to improved translation performance and reduced reliance on translator applications; in contrast, a higher dependency on translator applications correlates with inferior translation outcomes. The paper reflects on the pedagogical implications for enhancing autonomy and fostering critical digital literacy in translation teaching. It also addresses limitations (small sample size, single location) and suggests avenues for broader, mixed-methods future research.
Keywords: learner autonomy, translator applications, digital tool reliance, translation writing, EFL, Kampung Inggris.
- Downloads
-
Download data is not yet available.
- Author Biographies
- References
-
[1] Al-Ma’ani, R. (2021). “Correlation between self-directed learning readiness and academic writing proficiency in EFL contexts”. Arab World English Journal, 12(4), 246–260.
[2] Benson, P. (2021). Teaching and Researching Autonomy in Language Learning. Routledge.
[3] Chen, L., & Huang, C. (2022). “Learner autonomy, digital literacy, and online translation reliance: A correlational study among university EFL learners”. CALL-EJ, 23(3), 41–58.
[4] Clifford, J., Merschel, L., & Munné, J. (2013). “Surveying the Landscape: What Is the Role of Machine Translation in Language Learning?”, The Language Educator, 8(6), 14–18.
[5] Dalilan, D. (2021). “Indonesian EFL students’ perceptions on learning autonomy in online learning delivery mode”. PANYONARA: Journal of English Education, 3(2), 122-134. https://doi.org/10.19105/panyonara.v3i2.5140
[6] Daflizar, D., & Petraki, E. (2022). “Readiness for autonomous English language learning: The case of Indonesian undergraduate students”. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 11(3), 515-526. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v11i3.34259
[7] Hatim, B., & Munday, J. (2020). Translation: An Advanced Resource Book for Students. Routledge.
[8] Holec, H. (2020). Autonomy and Foreign Language Learning Revisited. Cambridge University Press.
[9] Ismailia, T. (2023). “The analysis of machine translation performance on translating informative text from English into Indonesian”. EBONY: Journal of English Language Teaching, Linguistics, and Literature, 3(2), 129-138. https://doi.org/10.37304/ebony.v3i2.9809
[10] Kurniawan, F., & Rahmawati, T. (2023). “Students’ dependence on digital tools and their writing quality: A correlation analysis in Indonesian EFL classrooms”. Journal of Applied Linguistics and Education, 13(2), 99–113.
[11] Little, D. (1991). Learner Autonomy: Definitions, Issues and Problems. Dublin: Authentik.
[12] Liu, X., & Xu, Y. (2023). “Machine translation use and writing accuracy among EFL students”. Language Learning & Technology Journal.
[13] Rahimi, M., & Zhang, L. (2020). “Exploring EFL learner autonomy and digital learning engagement.” Computer-Assisted Language Learning Journal.
[14] Reftyawati, D. (2024). “Correlational study on the use of translation technology and translation skills among EFL students”. Lexeme: Journal of Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, 6(2), 233-238. https://doi.org/10.32493/ljlal.v6i2.42883
[15] Tanaka, H. (2024).” Autonomy, motivation, and technology reliance: Correlational insights from blended EFL programs”. TESOL Quarterly, 58(1), 189–210.
[16] Volya, D., Hadiyanto, H., Haryanto, E., & Abrar, M. (2025). “Students’ perception of autonomous English learning”. International Journal of Language Teaching and Education, 9(1), 31-40. https://doi.org/10.22437/ijolte.v9i1.43358
[17] Weschler, R. (2017). “Machine Translation and Foreign Language Pedagogy: A New Paradigm”. Language Learning & Technology, 21(2), 1–15.
[18] Zhang, Y. (2022). “Digital translator reliance and translation competence among EFL students: A correlational investigation”. International Journal of Language Education, 6(4), 203–217.
[19] Zhang, T., & Chen, S. (2022). Digital literacy and translator tool dependency in EFL contexts. TESOL Quarterly.
- Downloads
- Published
- 2025-12-14
- Section
- Articles
How to Cite
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Rafidah Fitriana, Sujito Sujito, INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF MULTIMEDIA USE AND MOTIVATION LEVEL ON READING COMPREHENSION OF 7TH GRADE STUDENTS IN MTS UNGGULAN MAMBAUL BAROKAH , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
Similar Articles
- Najwa Ninda Nadifa, Nurul Alviana, Rayinda Eva Rahmah, EXPLORING STUDENTS’ LEARNING STRATEGIES IN SPEAKING SKILLS: STRATEGIES AND IMPLEMENTATION , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Shiva Aurora Ramadhona, Sri Elniati, PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X SMAN 1 V KOTO KAMPUNG DALAM , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Ali Mukmin, Amalia Aderi, Aulia Arivia, Diko Setiawan, E-LEARNING DALAM PEMBELAJARAN TAHFIDZ AL-QUR’AN , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 3 (2026): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Afifah Wamoi, Gitalis Dwi Natarina, Khalila Azalia, Maiang Fajriani Firdaus, Rany Septia Gusmayanti Putri, Ere Mardella Arabiani, PERAN MEDIA SOSIAL SEBAGAI SARANA KOMUNIKASI PENDIDIKAN DI KALANGAN GENERASI Z , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Elisa Sherlyna, Zalikha Alidya Yahya, Tiara Tiara, Queen Kaescha Salsabilla, Nazala Apna Qisty, Nayla Dwi Anjani, Muhammad Fadliansyah, Gali Sugiarta, Farra Chesa Bernadeth Adventya, Ere Mardella Arbiani, PERAN KELUARGA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEMBELAJARAN ANAK USIA DINI , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Sherin Febrianti, Marlini Marlini, Studi Kasus Analisis Perilaku Informasi Generasi Alpha: Tantangan Literasi Sejak Dini pada Mahasiswa Universitas Negeri Padang , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Baiq Ika Aprianti, Ghinan Nufus, Yudi Pratama, THE APPLICATION OF CLT TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ INTEREST AND CONFIDENCE IN SPEAKING SKILLS , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Serly Oktavianti, Suci Yuniati, PROJECT-BASED LEARNING TERINTEGRASI STEAM: APAKAH DAPAT MENINGKATKAN PERILAKU GENERASI ALPHA? , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Diah Cahyaning Rusika, Seri Ulandari, Sintia Dwipa Anjani, Milla Mawarni, Peby Chattrindo, Jumiatul Siti Muliana, Nurhadini Zulfaranti, Fera Gustiana, Ramadhani Ade Tiara, PERMASALAHAN IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM DEEP LEARNING DI SDN 99 KOTA BENGKULU , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Arief Prasetya Mulya, Irpan, Izlal Muflih Siregar, Moh Ibnu Abadika, GAMIFIKASI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN FIQIH UNTUK GENERASI Z : TINJAUAN LITERATUR SISTEMATIS DAN ANALISIS KUALITATIF , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.



