INVESTIGATING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN AUTONOMOUS LEARNING STYLE (ALS) AND DIGITAL TOOL RELIANCE (DTR) TOWARDS TRANSLATION WRITING PERFORMANCE (TWP) AMONG ENGLISH LEARNERS IN KAMPUNG INGGRIS SURAKARTA
- Authors
-
-
Aisyah Vikha Aryadi
UIN Raden Mas Said SurakartaAuthor -
Sujito Sujito
UIN Raden Mas Said SurakartaAuthor
-
- Keywords:
- learner autonomy, translator applications, digital tool reliance, translation writing, EFL, Kampung Inggris
- Abstract
-
This quantitative correlational study investigated the relationship between autonomous learning style (ALS) and reliance on digital tools (DTR), specifically focusing on the use of translator applications, and how these factors are linked to translation writing performance (TWP) among English learners attending Regular Classes at Kampung Inggris Surakarta. A total of ten participants filled out two Likert-scale questionnaires (ALS and DTR) and completed a controlled translation writing task, which was assessed using a standardized rubric. Descriptive statistics showed a moderate to high level of autonomy (M = 37.10, SD = 6.46), a moderate level of tool reliance (M = 31.20, SD = 7.91), and a fair to good translation performance (M = 77.60, SD = 8.18). Pearson correlation analyses uncovered very strong connections: ALS-TWP (r = .9633, p < .001), DTR-TWP (r = −.9546, p < .001), and ALS-DTR (r = −.9662, p < .001). The findings imply that greater learner autonomy leads to improved translation performance and reduced reliance on translator applications; in contrast, a higher dependency on translator applications correlates with inferior translation outcomes. The paper reflects on the pedagogical implications for enhancing autonomy and fostering critical digital literacy in translation teaching. It also addresses limitations (small sample size, single location) and suggests avenues for broader, mixed-methods future research.
Keywords: learner autonomy, translator applications, digital tool reliance, translation writing, EFL, Kampung Inggris.
- Downloads
-
Download data is not yet available.
- Author Biographies
- References
-
[1] Al-Ma’ani, R. (2021). “Correlation between self-directed learning readiness and academic writing proficiency in EFL contexts”. Arab World English Journal, 12(4), 246–260.
[2] Benson, P. (2021). Teaching and Researching Autonomy in Language Learning. Routledge.
[3] Chen, L., & Huang, C. (2022). “Learner autonomy, digital literacy, and online translation reliance: A correlational study among university EFL learners”. CALL-EJ, 23(3), 41–58.
[4] Clifford, J., Merschel, L., & Munné, J. (2013). “Surveying the Landscape: What Is the Role of Machine Translation in Language Learning?”, The Language Educator, 8(6), 14–18.
[5] Dalilan, D. (2021). “Indonesian EFL students’ perceptions on learning autonomy in online learning delivery mode”. PANYONARA: Journal of English Education, 3(2), 122-134. https://doi.org/10.19105/panyonara.v3i2.5140
[6] Daflizar, D., & Petraki, E. (2022). “Readiness for autonomous English language learning: The case of Indonesian undergraduate students”. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 11(3), 515-526. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v11i3.34259
[7] Hatim, B., & Munday, J. (2020). Translation: An Advanced Resource Book for Students. Routledge.
[8] Holec, H. (2020). Autonomy and Foreign Language Learning Revisited. Cambridge University Press.
[9] Ismailia, T. (2023). “The analysis of machine translation performance on translating informative text from English into Indonesian”. EBONY: Journal of English Language Teaching, Linguistics, and Literature, 3(2), 129-138. https://doi.org/10.37304/ebony.v3i2.9809
[10] Kurniawan, F., & Rahmawati, T. (2023). “Students’ dependence on digital tools and their writing quality: A correlation analysis in Indonesian EFL classrooms”. Journal of Applied Linguistics and Education, 13(2), 99–113.
[11] Little, D. (1991). Learner Autonomy: Definitions, Issues and Problems. Dublin: Authentik.
[12] Liu, X., & Xu, Y. (2023). “Machine translation use and writing accuracy among EFL students”. Language Learning & Technology Journal.
[13] Rahimi, M., & Zhang, L. (2020). “Exploring EFL learner autonomy and digital learning engagement.” Computer-Assisted Language Learning Journal.
[14] Reftyawati, D. (2024). “Correlational study on the use of translation technology and translation skills among EFL students”. Lexeme: Journal of Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, 6(2), 233-238. https://doi.org/10.32493/ljlal.v6i2.42883
[15] Tanaka, H. (2024).” Autonomy, motivation, and technology reliance: Correlational insights from blended EFL programs”. TESOL Quarterly, 58(1), 189–210.
[16] Volya, D., Hadiyanto, H., Haryanto, E., & Abrar, M. (2025). “Students’ perception of autonomous English learning”. International Journal of Language Teaching and Education, 9(1), 31-40. https://doi.org/10.22437/ijolte.v9i1.43358
[17] Weschler, R. (2017). “Machine Translation and Foreign Language Pedagogy: A New Paradigm”. Language Learning & Technology, 21(2), 1–15.
[18] Zhang, Y. (2022). “Digital translator reliance and translation competence among EFL students: A correlational investigation”. International Journal of Language Education, 6(4), 203–217.
[19] Zhang, T., & Chen, S. (2022). Digital literacy and translator tool dependency in EFL contexts. TESOL Quarterly.
- Downloads
- Published
- 2025-12-14
- Section
- Articles
How to Cite
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Rafidah Fitriana, Sujito Sujito, INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF MULTIMEDIA USE AND MOTIVATION LEVEL ON READING COMPREHENSION OF 7TH GRADE STUDENTS IN MTS UNGGULAN MAMBAUL BAROKAH , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
Similar Articles
- Novia Yonatri Muliyana, Mifta Sherlyna Ayuningtyas, Niken Roqhilia Amru, Elsa L landya Zahra, Muhammad Wildan Abrori, Rezki Nurma Fitria, IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM MERDEKA DI SMA ISLAM SHAFTA SURABAYA , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Muhamad Ikhsan Fitrah, Hanum Maulidah, Sherly Adisthy, Uswatul Hasni, PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM ATURAN LAMA PENGGUNAAN GADGET PADA ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Ina Magdalena, Nazhra Shafa Kamilah, Alya Septia Putri, Shofy Silfiya, STUDI EVALUASI PROGRAM PENGEMBANGAN PROFESIONAL GURU UNTUK PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 17 No. 11 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Ibnu Adzani Iskandar, Mohamed Ibrahim Najaf, Vyno Firanda, Muhammad Atar, Hanif Ar Rasyid, Rifka Nurcahaya, Muhammad Zharfan Rizwana Md, Fernando Morientes Barus, Samuel Yudha Harianja, Zeolony Lilitania Rinaldi, Natalie Christie Tambun, Salsabila, Panji Al Akhbar Winata , Renata Siregar, Ere Mardella Arbiani, ANTARA KUASA DAN KESOPANAN: MENIMBANG KRISIS ETIKA DALAM KOMUNIKASI PENDIDIKAN DI PERGURUAN TINGGI , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Sulthan Daulah Salam, Farkhan Maulana Nurdin, HUBUNGAN SCREEN TIME SMARTPHONE DENGAN PRODUKTIVITAS BELAJAR MAHASISWA GEN-Z , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Fatma Zahro’ul Afifah, Ines Paradina, INOVASI PENDIDIKAN: STUDI KUALITATIF PENERAPAN KOKURIKULER DALAM KURIKULUM MERDEKA DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 3 (2026): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Eka Maulida Mailani, Ahmad Suriansyah, Arta Mulya Budi Harsono, ANALISIS FAKTOR KETERBATASAN PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Luvy Cahyani, Adib Nur Fakhrian, Pipit Hanifah, Deni Zein Tarsidi, PEMANFAATAN MEDIA PIRAMIDA DALAM PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Maspuroh Maspuroh, Alya Nurul Putri Nugraha, Cahya Nurul Inayah, Neysa Dwi Ivana, PROBLEMATIKA PAI PADA SEKOLAH 2 , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 18 No. 3 (2026): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
- Ihsan Hadi, Aidul Putra, KORELASI KETERAMPILAN MENYIMAK TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULISTEKS DESKRIPSI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 4 LUBUK SIKAPING KABUPATEN PASAMAN , Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan: Vol. 17 No. 11 (2025): Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, ISSN 3025-6488
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.



