PENTINGNYA SERIALIZABILITY DALAM MANAJEMEN TRANSAKSI: TINJAUAN MEKANISME KONTROL KONKURENSI UNTUK MENJAMIN KONSISTENSI DATA

Abstract

The advancement of modern database systems requires the ability to handle concurrent transactions without compromising data consistency and integrity. Parallel transaction execution may lead to various anomalies, such as lost updates, dirty reads, and write skew, if not properly managed through appropriate concurrency control mechanisms. Serializability is a fundamental principle in transaction management that ensures the outcome of concurrent transactions is equivalent to a serial execution. This study aims to examine the importance of serializability in database transaction management and to review various concurrency control mechanisms used to guarantee data consistency. The research method employed is a systematic literature review by analyzing relevant national and international journals. The results indicate that although many modern database systems adopt lower isolation levels to improve performance, such approaches still expose systems to transaction anomalies. Consequently, various concurrency control mechanisms, ranging from traditional methods such as Two-Phase Locking to modern approaches like Snapshot Isolation, Serializable Snapshot Isolation, and hybrid techniques, have been developed to balance data consistency and system efficiency. This study concludes that serializability remains a crucial foundation for maintaining data integrity, and its implementation must be adapted to system characteristics and performance requirements in modern database environments.