STRATEGI DAN TEORI PERTMBUHAN EKONOMI DALAM PERSPEKTIF KEBIJAKAN FISKAL DAN MONETER

Abstract

Economic growth is a primary goal of development and is influenced by various macroeconomic factors, such as fiscal and monetary policy. This study aims to analyze strategies and theories of economic growth by examining the roles of these two policies in promoting stability and increasing national output. The method used is descriptive qualitative research based on secondary data obtained from scientific journals, official institutional reports, and previous studies. The findings show that fiscal policy, through the management of government spending and taxation, significantly contributes to economic growth, especially when directed toward productive sectors, as demonstrated by Purwiyanti and Panjawa (2022). Meanwhile, monetary policy plays an essential role in maintaining macroeconomic stability by controlling inflation and interest rates; according to Gil (2023), this can influence capital accumulation within the framework of endogenous growth theory. Other studies, such as those by Golpe, Leiva-León, and Moral-Benito (2023), emphasize that the synergy between fiscal and monetary policies is a crucial factor in achieving sustainable long-term economic growth. Based on literature analysis, this study concludes that effective growth strategies must incorporate economic growth theories with flexible, measurable, and adaptive fiscal and monetary policies aligned with a country’s structural conditions. The results of this study are expected to serve as a theoretical foundation and offer practical insights for policymakers in designing development strategies.