Keywords
Marital Status, Children Born Out of Wedlock, Islamic Law, Marriage Law, Lineage, Child Protection
How to Cite
Abstract
Artikel ini membahas status perkawinan bagi wanita yang hamil di luar nikah dalam perspektif Hukum Islam dan Undang-Undang Perkawinan di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan metode studi literatur dengan pendekatan kualitatif, menelaah peraturan perundang-undangan, kitab-kitab fiqih, jurnal ilmiah nasional dan internasional, serta putusan pengadilan terkait anak luar nikah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa menurut UU Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan, anak yang lahir di luar nikah hanya memiliki hubungan hukum dengan ibu, sementara ayah hanya memiliki kewajiban jika melakukan pengakuan melalui mekanisme hukum. Dalam hukum Islam, nasab anak luar nikah tidak sah kepada ayah biologis, namun hak dasar anak tetap dilindungi melalui tanggung jawab ibu dan keluarga. Harmonisasi antara hukum positif dan prinsip hukum Islam dapat dicapai melalui pengakuan hukum oleh ayah, pencatatan administrasi, serta perlindungan hak-hak sosial dan pendidikan anak, sehingga kesejahteraan anak tetap terjamin meskipun terdapat perbedaan prinsip. Artikel ini menekankan pentingnya integrasi hukum positif dan hukum Islam untuk melindungi hak anak dan perempuan, serta memastikan keadilan dan moralitas keluarga tetap terjaga.
This article examines the marital status of women pregnant out of wedlock from the perspectives of Islamic Law and the Marriage Law in Indonesia. The study employs a qualitative literature review, analyzing legislation, Islamic jurisprudence, national and international journals, and court decisions concerning children born out of wedlock. Findings indicate that according to Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage, children born out of wedlock are legally recognized only through their mother, while the father has obligations only if he formally acknowledges the child. In Islamic law, the lineage (nasab) of children born out of wedlock is not legally attributed to the biological father; however, the basic rights of the child are safeguarded through the mother and her family. Harmonization between positive law and Islamic principles can be achieved through legal acknowledgment by the father, administrative registration, and protection of the child’s social and educational rights, ensuring the child’s welfare despite differences in principles. This article highlights the importance of integrating positive law and Islamic law to protect the rights of children and women while maintaining justice and family morality.
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