JUAL BELI AL - MURABAHAH

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the concept of al-murabahah sales, its underlying fiqh principles, and its implementation in the Islamic banking industry in Indonesia. The research method used is descriptive qualitative through literature study, by analyzing in depth academic journals, fatwas from the National Sharia Council (DSN-MUI), and related regulations such as PSAK 102. The results of the study show that murabahah, which is defined as a contract for the sale and purchase of goods with a stated acquisition price plus an agreed profit margin, has become the most dominant financing product in Islamic banking in Indonesia. However, implementation in the field, particularly in the Murabahah lil Amir bis-Syira (MPO) scheme, which is often combined with a Wakalah (agency) contract, faces significant sharia compliance challenges. The main criticism focuses on the issue of ownership of goods by the bank prior to the sale and purchase agreement being executed, where banks are often accused of merely acting as fund providers (hilah) whose transactions are substantially similar to interest-based loans (riba) in conventional banks. This study concludes that although murabahah is conceptually valid, banking practices require strict supervision to ensure that the pillars and conditions are fulfilled, especially the aspect of asset ownership, in order to be in line with sharia principles.