Keywords
Electronic Money
Cryptocurrency
Akad
How to Cite
Abstract
Digital technology has significantly transformed payment systems,
shifting from cash to more practical instruments such as electronic
money and cryptocurrency. This transformation offers convenience
but also raises legal concerns in Islamic jurisprudence regarding the
validity of the contractual elements (akad) involved. This article aims
to explain the basic concepts of electronic money and cryptocurrency,
their classifications, and their advantages and weaknesses in modern
economic practices. It further examines fiqh perspectives on the use
of these instruments in digital transactions. This study applies a
literature review method by referring to scholarly journals, fatwas,
and contemporary scholars’ opinions. In general, electronic money is
considered permissible as long as it fulfills the required conditions of
a valid akad. Meanwhile, cryptocurrency remains debated due to
elements of uncertainty (gharar) and speculation in its trading
mechanism. This paper provides preliminary insights into applying
sharia principles within today’s digital transaction landscape.
References
Ardiyanto, M. H., & Feliyani, N. (2022). Transaksi Jual Beli dengan Bitcoin Perspektif Fiqh
Muamalah. 11(April), 109–124
Firdaus, M. I., Daniswara, A. L., & Alafianta, N. F. (2023). Implementation of Fiqh Muamalah
Contracts in Electronic Money (E-Money) Transactions. 10(1), 13–23.
Haerisma, A. S. (2022). Cryptocurrency in the Perspective of A Critical Analysis of the Mafsadah
(Harm) and the Maslahah (Benefit) of. 18(1).
Hardiyanto, N., Bandung, P. N., Rafdinal, W., & Bandung, P. N. (2024). FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY
IN THE NEW ERA: Cryptocurrency (Issue February).
Hukum, F., & Airlangga, U. (2017). Karakteristik uang elektronik dalam sistem pembayaran.
32(1), 134–166.
Nurlaela, N. (n.d.). E-Money: Tinjauan Fiqih Kontemporer. 2(2), 293–314.
Pangestika, I. N. (n.d.). Cashless Society dalam Perspektif Fiqih Muamalah: Edukasi Hukum
Islam Terhadap Transaksi Menggunakan Uang Digital. 819–826.
Penelitian, J., Ilmu, M., Sandi, R. K., Maulidya, M., Jurusan, M., Syariah, P., & Islam, H. (2024).
TRANSAKSI UANG ELEKTRONIK ERA DIGITAL PERSPEKTIF. 04(116), 195–208.
Tazkiyyaturrohmah, R. (2016). TRANSAKSI KEUANGAN MODERN. (November 2016), 21– 39.
Yazid, M. (2025). FIQH MUAMALAH DALAM ERA CRYPTOCURRENCY TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM
KONTEMPORER. 2(6), 115–124