This research is motivated by the geological conditions in West Kalimantan which are dominated by soft soils and peatlands with low carrying capacity, so an alternative solution is needed in the form of lighter building structures to reduce construction load. One solution is the use of lightweight concrete with the application of artificial light coarse aggregates. This study uses PVC pipe waste material filled with light mortar and foam agent as a substitution of 70% natural coarse aggregate. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of variations in the length of artificial aggregates, namely 1D (18 mm), 1.5D (27 mm), and 2D (36 mm) on the physical and mechanical properties of lightweight concrete. The test was carried out using a cylindrical test piece measuring 15 cm x 30 cm. The results of the physical test showed that all variations of the mixture met the weight requirements of light concrete volume in accordance with the standards of ACI 211.2-98 (maximum 1850 kg/m³) and SNI 03-2847-2000 (maximum 1900 kg/m³). Based on mechanical testing, the increase in the length of the artificial coarse aggregate resulted in a decrease in the performance of compressive strength, tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity of concrete. The highest compressive strength value was obtained in the 1D variation of 19.96 MPa, while the lowest value in the 2D variation was 13.69 MPa. The highest tensile strength value was also obtained in the 1D variation of 2.12 MPa and the lowest in the 2D variation of 1.82 MPa. In addition, the water absorption value increases as the aggregate length increases, where the 1D variation has the lowest absorption percentage of 3.65%, while the 1.5D variation is 6.12%, and the 2D variation is 6.24%. Based on the overall recapitulation of the test results, the 1D variation with a size of 18 mm was determined as the most optimal variation to use.
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kondisi geologi di Kalimantan Barat yang didominasi tanah lunak dan lahan gambut dengan daya dukung rendah, sehingga membutuhkan solusi alternatif berupa struktur bangunan yang lebih ringan untuk mengurangi beban konstruksi. Salah satu solusinya adalah penggunaan beton ringan dengan pengaplikasian agregat kasar ringan buatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan material limbah pipa PVC yang diisi dengan mortar ringan dan foam agent sebagai substitusi agregat kasar alami sebesar 70%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi panjang agregat buatan yaitu 1D (18 mm), 1.5D (27 mm), dan 2D (36 mm) terhadap sifat fisis dan mekanis beton ringan. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan benda uji silinder berukuran 15 cm x 30 cm. Hasil pengujian fisis menunjukkan bahwa seluruh variasi campuran memenuhi persyaratan berat volume beton ringan sesuai dengan standar ACI 211.2-98 (maksimal 1850 kg/m³) dan SNI 03-2847-2000 (maksimal 1900 kg/m³). Berdasarkan pengujian mekanis, bertambahnya panjang agregat kasar buatan mengakibatkan penurunan pada kinerja kuat tekan, kuat tarik belah, dan modulus elastisitas beton. Nilai kuat tekan tertinggi diperoleh pada variasi 1D sebesar 19.96 MPa, sedangkan nilai terendah pada variasi 2D sebesar 13.69 MPa. Nilai kuat tarik belah tertinggi juga didapatkan pada variasi 1D sebesar 2.12 MPa dan terendah pada variasi 2D sebesar 1.82 MPa. Selain itu, nilai absorpsi air meningkat seiring bertambahnya panjang agregat, di mana variasi 1D memiliki persentase absorpsi terendah yaitu 3.65%, sedangkan variasi 1.5D sebesar 6.12%, dan variasi 2D sebesar 6.24%. Berdasarkan rekapitulasi keseluruhan hasil pengujian, variasi 1D dengan ukuran 18 mm ditetapkan sebagai variasi yang paling optimal untuk digunakan.
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